MATERIALES DE FÍSICA Y QUÍMICA PARA LA ESO Y EL BACHILLERATO
Etiquetas
CIENCIA Y TV
(2)
DEURES SEGON BAT FÍSICA MOIXENT 23/24
(1)
FORMULACIÓ
(3)
FÍSICA I QUÍMICA PRIMER BAT
(1)
FÍSICA SEGON
(5)
QUART ESO
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QUÍMICA SEGON
(2)
SEGON I TERCER ESO
(1)
miércoles, 18 de febrero de 2026
</div> </div> <div class='post-footer'> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-1'> <span class='post-author vcard'> Publicado por <span class='fn' itemprop='author' itemscope='itemscope' itemtype='http://schema.org/Person'> <span itemprop='name'>Agustín Sánchiz</span> </span> </span> <span class='post-timestamp'> en <meta content='http://materialesfq.blogspot.com/2026/02/iframe-stylewidth100-max-width980px.html' itemprop='url'/> <a class='timestamp-link' href='http://materialesfq.blogspot.com/2026/02/iframe-stylewidth100-max-width980px.html' rel='bookmark' title='permanent link'><abbr class='published' itemprop='datePublished' title='2026-02-18T06:29:00-08:00'>6:29</abbr></a> </span> <span class='post-comment-link'> </span> <span class='post-icons'> <span class='item-control blog-admin pid-857915352'> <a href='https://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=1960421828920015483&postID=5831025829904971059&from=pencil' title='Editar entrada'> <img alt='' class='icon-action' height='18' src='https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_edit_allbkg.gif' width='18'/> </a> </span> </span> <div class='post-share-buttons goog-inline-block'> <a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-email' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=1960421828920015483&postID=5831025829904971059&target=email' target='_blank' title='Enviar por correo electrónico'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Enviar por correo electrónico</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-blog' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=1960421828920015483&postID=5831025829904971059&target=blog' onclick='window.open(this.href, "_blank", "height=270,width=475"); return false;' target='_blank' title='Escribe un blog'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Escribe un blog</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-twitter' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=1960421828920015483&postID=5831025829904971059&target=twitter' target='_blank' title='Compartir en X'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Compartir en X</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-facebook' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=1960421828920015483&postID=5831025829904971059&target=facebook' onclick='window.open(this.href, "_blank", "height=430,width=640"); return false;' target='_blank' title='Compartir con Facebook'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Compartir con Facebook</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-pinterest' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=1960421828920015483&postID=5831025829904971059&target=pinterest' target='_blank' title='Compartir en Pinterest'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Compartir en Pinterest</span></a> </div> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-2'> <span class='post-labels'> </span> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-3'> <span class='post-location'> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="date-outer"> <h2 class='date-header'><span>martes, 10 de febrero de 2026</span></h2> <div class="date-posts"> <div class='post-outer'> <div class='post hentry uncustomized-post-template' itemprop='blogPost' itemscope='itemscope' itemtype='http://schema.org/BlogPosting'> <meta content='1960421828920015483' itemprop='blogId'/> <meta content='2198832611567373490' itemprop='postId'/> <a name='2198832611567373490'></a> <h3 class='post-title entry-title' itemprop='name'> <a href='http://materialesfq.blogspot.com/2026/02/animacion-caida-libre.html'>ANIMACIÓN CAÍDA LIBRE</a> </h3> <div class='post-header'> <div class='post-header-line-1'></div> </div> <div class='post-body entry-content' id='post-body-2198832611567373490' itemprop='description articleBody'> Aquí tienes una animación lista para Blogger (Vista HTML), similar a la anterior pero para caída libre: se suelta desde una altura h_0 con v_0=0, cae con a=-g constante, y en el impacto se para en el instante justo antes del choque mostrando velocidad negativa (no 0). Copia y pega todo el bloque: <div id="caida-libre-sim"> <div class="panel"> <div class="stage" aria-label="Simulación de caída libre"> <div class="axis"></div> <!-- línea de referencia: posición inicial --> <div class="start-line" id="startLine"></div> <!-- cuerpo --> <div class="ball" id="ball"></div> <!-- vectores --> <div class="vec v" id="vecV"> <div class="shaft"></div> <div class="head"></div> <div class="tag vec-label">v</div> </div> <div class="vec a" id="vecA"> <div class="shaft"></div> <div class="head"></div> <div class="tag vec-label">a</div> </div> </div> <div class="controls"> <button id="btnPlay">▶ Reproducir</button> <button id="btnPause">⏸ Pausar</button> <button id="btnStep">⏭ Paso</button> <button id="btnReset">↺ Reiniciar</button> <label> h₀ (m) <input id="h0" type="range" min="1" max="30" step="0.5" value="12"> <span id="h0Val">12</span> </label> <label> g (m/s²) <input id="g" type="range" min="3" max="15" step="0.1" value="9.8"> <span id="gVal">-9.8</span> </label> <label> Velocidad de animación <input id="speed" type="range" min="0.4" max="2.5" step="0.1" value="1.0"> <span id="speedVal">1.0x</span> </label> <label> Dt del “Paso” (s) <input id="stepDt" type="range" min="0.01" max="0.25" step="0.01" value="0.05"> <span id="stepDtVal">0.05</span> </label> <label class="check"> <input id="showNumbers" type="checkbox" checked> Mostrar valores numéricos </label> </div> <div class="readout" id="readout"></div> </div> </div> <style> #caida-libre-sim { font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, Segoe UI, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; } #caida-libre-sim .panel { max-width: 760px; margin: 16px auto; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; overflow: hidden; } #caida-libre-sim .stage { position: relative; height: 420px; background: linear-gradient(#f7fbff, #ffffff); } /* Línea del suelo */ #caida-libre-sim .stage::after{ content:""; position:absolute; left: 20px; right: 20px; bottom: 28px; /* BOTTOM_PAD */ height: 3px; background: rgba(0,0,0,0.25); border-radius: 2px; pointer-events: none; } /* Eje/guía */ #caida-libre-sim .axis { position: absolute; left: 56px; top: 20px; bottom: 20px; width: 2px; background: rgba(0,0,0,0.12); } /* Línea discontinua de salida */ #caida-libre-sim .start-line{ position: absolute; left: 20px; right: 20px; height: 0; border-top: 2px dashed rgba(0,0,0,0.25); pointer-events: none; } /* Bola */ #caida-libre-sim .ball { position: absolute; width: 26px; height: 26px; border-radius: 50%; left: 44px; top: 60px; background: radial-gradient(circle at 30% 30%, #fff, #bbb); border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.25); box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.12); } /* Vectores */ #caida-libre-sim .vec { position: absolute; left: 100px; top: 60px; width: 0; height: 0; pointer-events: none; } #caida-libre-sim .vec .shaft { position: absolute; left: 0; width: 6px; border-radius: 6px; transform-origin: 50% 100%; } #caida-libre-sim .vec .head { position: absolute; left: -7px; width: 0; height: 0; border-left: 10px solid transparent; border-right: 10px solid transparent; transform-origin: 50% 100%; } #caida-libre-sim .vec .tag { position: absolute; left: 18px; font-weight: 700; font-size: 14px; user-select: none; } #caida-libre-sim .vec.v .shaft { background: rgba(0, 90, 200, 0.85); } #caida-libre-sim .vec.v .head { border-top: 14px solid rgba(0, 90, 200, 0.85); } #caida-libre-sim .vec.v .tag { color: rgba(0, 90, 200, 0.95); } #caida-libre-sim .vec.a .shaft { background: rgba(200, 40, 40, 0.85); } #caida-libre-sim .vec.a .head { border-top: 14px solid rgba(200, 40, 40, 0.85); } #caida-libre-sim .vec.a .tag { color: rgba(200, 40, 40, 0.95); } /* Controles */ #caida-libre-sim .controls { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 10px 14px; padding: 12px 14px; background: #fafafa; border-top: 1px solid #eee; } #caida-libre-sim button { padding: 10px 12px; border-radius: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd; background: white; cursor: pointer; } #caida-libre-sim button:hover { background: #f4f6f8; } #caida-libre-sim label { font-size: 12px; color: rgba(0,0,0,0.75); display: grid; gap: 6px; } #caida-libre-sim input[type="range"] { width: 100%; } #caida-libre-sim .check { grid-column: 1 / -1; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; } #caida-libre-sim .readout { padding: 10px 14px 14px; font-size: 13px; border-top: 1px solid #eee; background: white; color: rgba(0,0,0,0.8); min-height: 24px; } @media (max-width: 640px) { #caida-libre-sim .controls { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } } /* Flecha “vectorial” sobre v y a (sin Unicode) */ #caida-libre-sim .vec-label{ position: relative; display: inline-block; padding-top: 8px; } #caida-libre-sim .vec-label::before{ content: ""; position: absolute; left: 50%; top: 2px; width: 14px; height: 2px; background: currentColor; transform: translateX(-50%); border-radius: 2px; } #caida-libre-sim .vec-label::after{ content: ""; position: absolute; left: calc(50% + 7px); top: -1px; width: 0; height: 0; border-left: 6px solid currentColor; border-top: 4px solid transparent; border-bottom: 4px solid transparent; } /* Separar visualmente v⃗ y a⃗ (mover a⃗ a la derecha) */ #caida-libre-sim .vec.a { left: 140px; } </style> <script> (function () { const root = document.getElementById("caida-libre-sim"); if (!root) return; const ball = root.querySelector("#ball"); const vecV = root.querySelector("#vecV"); const vecA = root.querySelector("#vecA"); const startLine = root.querySelector("#startLine"); const btnPlay = root.querySelector("#btnPlay"); const btnPause = root.querySelector("#btnPause"); const btnStep = root.querySelector("#btnStep"); const btnReset = root.querySelector("#btnReset"); const h0 = root.querySelector("#h0"); const g = root.querySelector("#g"); const speed = root.querySelector("#speed"); const stepDt = root.querySelector("#stepDt"); const h0Val = root.querySelector("#h0Val"); const gVal = root.querySelector("#gVal"); const speedVal = root.querySelector("#speedVal"); const stepDtVal = root.querySelector("#stepDtVal"); const readout = root.querySelector("#readout"); const showNumbers = root.querySelector("#showNumbers"); // Escena const TOP_PAD = 28; const BOTTOM_PAD = 28; const STAGE_H = 420; const yMax = STAGE_H - BOTTOM_PAD; // px desde arriba (suelo) const trackH = (yMax - TOP_PAD); // px útiles // Estado let t = 0; let running = false; let lastTs = null; let finished = false; function h0n(){ return Number(h0.value); } function gn(){ return Number(g.value); } function clamp(x,a,b){ return Math.max(a, Math.min(b,x)); } function updateLabels(){ h0Val.textContent = Number(h0.value).toFixed(1).replace(/\.0$/, ""); gVal.textContent = "-" + Number(g.value).toFixed(1); speedVal.textContent = Number(speed.value).toFixed(1) + "x"; stepDtVal.textContent = Number(stepDt.value).toFixed(2); } function tImpact(){ // y(t) = h0 - 1/2 g t^2 -> 0 => t = sqrt(2 h0 / g) return Math.sqrt((2 * h0n()) / gn()); } function computeScale(){ // que quepa h0 en ~80% del recorrido vertical const usablePx = trackH * 0.80; return usablePx / Math.max(h0n(), 0.1); // px/m } // Cinemática exacta (tomamos arriba positivo): // y(t) = h0 - 1/2 g t^2 (altura sobre el suelo) // v(t) = -g t // a(t) = -g function y_of_t(tt){ return h0n() - 0.5 * gn() * tt * tt; } function v_of_t(tt){ return -gn() * tt; } function a_of_t(){ return -gn(); } function renderBall(scale, y_m){ const y_px = yMax - (y_m * scale); ball.style.top = (y_px - 13) + "px"; vecV.style.top = (y_px - 6) + "px"; vecA.style.top = (y_px - 6) + "px"; } function renderVector(vecEl, mag, sign, pxPerUnit, minPx, maxPx){ const shaft = vecEl.querySelector(".shaft"); const head = vecEl.querySelector(".head"); const abs = Math.abs(mag); if (abs < 1e-6){ shaft.style.height = "10px"; shaft.style.top = "-5px"; head.style.display = "none"; return; } const L = clamp(abs * pxPerUnit, minPx, maxPx); head.style.display = "block"; // Solo necesitamos flechas hacia abajo en caída libre, // pero lo dejamos general por claridad. if (sign > 0){ shaft.style.height = L + "px"; shaft.style.top = (-L) + "px"; head.style.top = (-L - 12) + "px"; head.style.transform = "rotate(180deg)"; } else { shaft.style.height = L + "px"; shaft.style.top = "0px"; head.style.top = (L - 2) + "px"; head.style.transform = "rotate(0deg)"; } } function renderReadout(y_m, v_m, a_m){ if (!showNumbers.checked){ readout.textContent = ""; return; } const extra = finished ? " · <b>Impacto (antes del choque)</b>" : ""; readout.innerHTML = "t = <b>" + t.toFixed(2) + " s</b> · " + "y = <b>" + y_m.toFixed(2) + " m</b> · " + "v = <b>" + v_m.toFixed(2) + " m/s</b> · " + "a = <b>" + a_m.toFixed(2) + " m/s²</b> (hacia abajo)" + extra; } function renderFrame(){ const scale = computeScale(); const a_m = a_of_t(); // línea discontinua de salida (posición inicial) const yStart_px = yMax - (h0n() * scale); startLine.style.top = yStart_px + "px"; const tHit = tImpact(); const tt = finished ? tHit : t; let y_m = y_of_t(tt); let v_m = v_of_t(tt); // En impacto, fijamos exactamente: y=0 y v=-g*tImpact (no cero) if (!finished && t >= tHit){ t = tHit; finished = true; y_m = 0; v_m = v_of_t(tHit); running = false; lastTs = null; } // evitar -0 if (Math.abs(y_m) < 1e-10) y_m = 0; renderBall(scale, y_m); // Vectores: v crece en módulo hacia abajo, a constante hacia abajo const vPxPer = 10; const aPxPer = 8; renderVector(vecV, Math.abs(v_m), v_m >= 0 ? +1 : -1, vPxPer, 12, 170); renderVector(vecA, Math.abs(a_m), -1, aPxPer, 16, 120); renderReadout(y_m, v_m, a_m); } function resetState(){ t = 0; finished = false; running = false; lastTs = null; renderFrame(); } function advanceTime(dt){ if (finished) return; const tNext = t + dt; const tHit = tImpact(); if (tNext >= tHit){ t = tHit; finished = true; running = false; lastTs = null; } else { t = Math.max(0, tNext); } renderFrame(); } function loop(ts){ if (!running) return; if (lastTs == null) lastTs = ts; const dtReal = clamp((ts - lastTs)/1000, 0, 0.05); lastTs = ts; advanceTime(dtReal * Number(speed.value)); if (running) requestAnimationFrame(loop); } // Botones btnPlay.addEventListener("click", () => { if (finished) return; if (!running){ running = true; lastTs = null; requestAnimationFrame(loop); } }); btnPause.addEventListener("click", () => { running = false; lastTs = null; }); btnStep.addEventListener("click", () => { running = false; lastTs = null; advanceTime(Number(stepDt.value)); }); btnReset.addEventListener("click", resetState); // Controles [h0, g, speed, stepDt, showNumbers].forEach(el => { el.addEventListener("input", () => { updateLabels(); // si al cambiar parámetros el tiempo actual “se pasa” del impacto, lo ajustamos const tHit = tImpact(); if (t >= tHit){ t = tHit; finished = true; running = false; lastTs = null; } renderFrame(); }); }); updateLabels(); resetState(); })(); </script> <div style='clear: both;'></div> </div> <div class='post-footer'> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-1'> <span class='post-author vcard'> Publicado por <span class='fn' itemprop='author' itemscope='itemscope' itemtype='http://schema.org/Person'> <span itemprop='name'>Agustín Sánchiz</span> </span> </span> <span class='post-timestamp'> en <meta content='http://materialesfq.blogspot.com/2026/02/animacion-caida-libre.html' itemprop='url'/> <a class='timestamp-link' href='http://materialesfq.blogspot.com/2026/02/animacion-caida-libre.html' rel='bookmark' title='permanent link'><abbr class='published' itemprop='datePublished' title='2026-02-10T05:34:00-08:00'>5:34</abbr></a> </span> <span class='post-comment-link'> </span> <span class='post-icons'> <span class='item-control blog-admin pid-857915352'> <a href='https://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=1960421828920015483&postID=2198832611567373490&from=pencil' title='Editar entrada'> <img alt='' class='icon-action' height='18' src='https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_edit_allbkg.gif' width='18'/> </a> </span> </span> <div class='post-share-buttons goog-inline-block'> <a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-email' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=1960421828920015483&postID=2198832611567373490&target=email' target='_blank' title='Enviar por correo electrónico'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Enviar por correo electrónico</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-blog' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=1960421828920015483&postID=2198832611567373490&target=blog' onclick='window.open(this.href, "_blank", "height=270,width=475"); return false;' target='_blank' title='Escribe un blog'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Escribe un blog</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-twitter' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=1960421828920015483&postID=2198832611567373490&target=twitter' target='_blank' title='Compartir en X'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Compartir en X</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-facebook' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=1960421828920015483&postID=2198832611567373490&target=facebook' onclick='window.open(this.href, "_blank", "height=430,width=640"); return false;' target='_blank' title='Compartir con Facebook'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Compartir con Facebook</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-pinterest' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=1960421828920015483&postID=2198832611567373490&target=pinterest' target='_blank' title='Compartir en Pinterest'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Compartir en Pinterest</span></a> </div> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-2'> <span class='post-labels'> Etiquetas: <a href='http://materialesfq.blogspot.com/search/label/QUART%20ESO' rel='tag'>QUART ESO</a> </span> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-3'> <span class='post-location'> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="date-outer"> <h2 class='date-header'><span>martes, 3 de febrero de 2026</span></h2> <div class="date-posts"> <div class='post-outer'> <div class='post hentry uncustomized-post-template' itemprop='blogPost' itemscope='itemscope' itemtype='http://schema.org/BlogPosting'> <meta content='1960421828920015483' itemprop='blogId'/> <meta content='4803237437300786919' itemprop='postId'/> <a name='4803237437300786919'></a> <h3 class='post-title entry-title' itemprop='name'> <a href='http://materialesfq.blogspot.com/2026/02/punto-mas-alto-v-0-suelo-v-reproducir.html'>ANIMACIÓN TIRO VERTICAL</a> </h3> <div class='post-header'> <div class='post-header-line-1'></div> </div> <div class='post-body entry-content' id='post-body-4803237437300786919' itemprop='description articleBody'> <div id="tiro-vertical-sim"> <div class="panel"> <div class="stage" aria-label="Simulación de tiro vertical"> <div class="axis"></div> <div class="apex-line" id="apexLine"></div> <div class="label top">Punto más alto (v = 0)</div> <div class="ball" id="ball"></div> <div class="vec v" id="vecV"> <div class="shaft"></div> <div class="head"></div> <div class="tag vec-label">v</div> </div> <div class="vec a" id="vecA"> <div class="shaft"></div> <div class="head"></div> <div class="tag vec-label">a</div> </div> </div> <div class="controls"> <button id="btnPlay">▶ Reproducir</button> <button id="btnPause">⏸ Pausar</button> <button id="btnStep">⏭ Paso</button> <button id="btnReset">↺ Reiniciar</button> <label> v₀ (m/s) <input id="v0" type="range" min="2" max="18" step="0.5" value="12"> <span id="v0Val">12</span> </label> <label> g (m/s²) <input id="g" type="range" min="3" max="15" step="0.1" value="9.8"> <span id="gVal">9.8</span> </label> <label> Velocidad de animación <input id="speed" type="range" min="0.4" max="2.5" step="0.1" value="1.0"> <span id="speedVal">1.0×</span> </label> <label> Δt del “Paso” (s) <input id="stepDt" type="range" min="0.01" max="0.25" step="0.01" value="0.08"> <span id="stepDtVal">0.08</span> </label> <label class="check"> <input id="showNumbers" type="checkbox" checked> Mostrar valores numéricos </label> </div> <div class="readout" id="readout"></div> </div> </div> <style> #tiro-vertical-sim { font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, Segoe UI, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; } #tiro-vertical-sim .panel { max-width: 760px; margin: 16px auto; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 12px; overflow: hidden; } #tiro-vertical-sim .stage { position: relative; height: 420px; background: linear-gradient(#f7fbff, #ffffff); } #tiro-vertical-sim .axis { position: absolute; left: 56px; top: 20px; bottom: 20px; width: 2px; background: rgba(0,0,0,0.12); } #tiro-vertical-sim .label { position: absolute; left: 72px; font-size: 12px; color: rgba(0,0,0,0.65); user-select: none; } #tiro-vertical-sim .label.top { top: 16px; } #tiro-vertical-sim .label.bottom { bottom: 16px; } #tiro-vertical-sim .ball { position: absolute; width: 26px; height: 26px; border-radius: 50%; left: 44px; top: 360px; background: radial-gradient(circle at 30% 30%, #fff, #bbb); border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.25); box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.12); } #tiro-vertical-sim .vec { position: absolute; left: 100px; top: 360px; width: 0; height: 0; pointer-events: none; } #tiro-vertical-sim .vec .shaft { position: absolute; left: 0; width: 6px; border-radius: 6px; transform-origin: 50% 100%; } #tiro-vertical-sim .vec .head { position: absolute; left: -7px; width: 0; height: 0; border-left: 10px solid transparent; border-right: 10px solid transparent; transform-origin: 50% 100%; } #tiro-vertical-sim .vec .tag { position: absolute; left: 18px; font-weight: 700; font-size: 14px; user-select: none; } #tiro-vertical-sim .vec.v .shaft { background: rgba(0, 90, 200, 0.85); } #tiro-vertical-sim .vec.v .head { border-top: 14px solid rgba(0, 90, 200, 0.85); } #tiro-vertical-sim .vec.v .tag { color: rgba(0, 90, 200, 0.95); } #tiro-vertical-sim .vec.a .shaft { background: rgba(200, 40, 40, 0.85); } #tiro-vertical-sim .vec.a .head { border-top: 14px solid rgba(200, 40, 40, 0.85); } #tiro-vertical-sim .vec.a .tag { color: rgba(200, 40, 40, 0.95); } #tiro-vertical-sim .controls { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 10px 14px; padding: 12px 14px; background: #fafafa; border-top: 1px solid #eee; } #tiro-vertical-sim button { padding: 10px 12px; border-radius: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd; background: white; cursor: pointer; } #tiro-vertical-sim button:hover { background: #f4f6f8; } #tiro-vertical-sim label { font-size: 12px; color: rgba(0,0,0,0.75); display: grid; gap: 6px; } #tiro-vertical-sim input[type="range"] { width: 100%; } #tiro-vertical-sim .check { grid-column: 1 / -1; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; } #tiro-vertical-sim .readout { padding: 10px 14px 14px; font-size: 13px; border-top: 1px solid #eee; background: white; color: rgba(0,0,0,0.8); min-height: 24px; } @media (max-width: 640px) { #tiro-vertical-sim .controls { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } } /* Flechita sobre v y a (sin Unicode, 100% compatible) */ #tiro-vertical-sim .vec-label{ position: relative; display: inline-block; padding-top: 8px; /* espacio para la flecha */ } /* línea */ #tiro-vertical-sim .vec-label::before{ content: ""; position: absolute; left: 50%; top: 2px; width: 14px; height: 2px; background: currentColor; transform: translateX(-50%); border-radius: 2px; } /* punta */ #tiro-vertical-sim .vec-label::after{ content: ""; position: absolute; left: calc(50% + 7px); top: -1px; width: 0; height: 0; border-left: 6px solid currentColor; border-top: 4px solid transparent; border-bottom: 4px solid transparent; } #tiro-vertical-sim .stage::after{ content:""; position:absolute; left: 20px; right: 20px; bottom: 28px; height: 4px; background: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(0,0,0,0.35), rgba(0,0,0,0.15) ); border-radius: 2px; } /* Línea discontinua en el punto más alto (v = 0) */ #tiro-vertical-sim .apex-line{ position: absolute; left: 20px; right: 20px; height: 0; border-top: 2px dashed rgba(0, 90, 200, 0.6); display: none; /* solo se muestra cuando v = 0 */ pointer-events: none; } </style> <script> (function () { const root = document.getElementById("tiro-vertical-sim"); if (!root) return; const ball = root.querySelector("#ball"); const vecV = root.querySelector("#vecV"); const vecA = root.querySelector("#vecA"); const apexLine = root.querySelector("#apexLine"); const btnPlay = root.querySelector("#btnPlay"); const btnPause = root.querySelector("#btnPause"); const btnStep = root.querySelector("#btnStep"); const btnReset = root.querySelector("#btnReset"); const v0 = root.querySelector("#v0"); const g = root.querySelector("#g"); const speed = root.querySelector("#speed"); const stepDt = root.querySelector("#stepDt"); const v0Val = root.querySelector("#v0Val"); const gVal = root.querySelector("#gVal"); const speedVal = root.querySelector("#speedVal"); const stepDtVal = root.querySelector("#stepDtVal"); const readout = root.querySelector("#readout"); const showNumbers = root.querySelector("#showNumbers"); // Escena (debe coincidir con el CSS) const TOP_PAD = 28; const BOTTOM_PAD = 28; const STAGE_H = 420; const yMax = STAGE_H - BOTTOM_PAD; const trackH = (yMax - TOP_PAD); // Estado let t = 0; // s let running = false; let lastTs = null; let finished = false; // llegó al suelo (impacto) let apexHoldUntil = -1; // tiempo (s) hasta el que se mantiene la línea let apexY_m = null; // altura (m) donde se “congela” la línea // Parámetros function v0n() { return Number(v0.value); } function gn() { return Number(g.value); } function clamp(x, a, b) { return Math.max(a, Math.min(b, x)); } function updateLabels() { v0Val.textContent = Number(v0.value).toFixed(1).replace(/\.0$/, ""); gVal.textContent = "-" + Number(g.value).toFixed(1); speedVal.textContent = Number(speed.value).toFixed(1) + "x"; stepDtVal.textContent = Number(stepDt.value).toFixed(2); } function tImpact() { // instante en que vuelve a y=0 (distinto del t=0) return (2 * v0n()) / gn(); } function computeScale() { const hmax = (v0n() * v0n()) / (2 * gn()); // m const usablePx = trackH * 0.80; // px return usablePx / Math.max(hmax, 0.1); // px/m } // MRUA exacto (y desde el suelo hacia arriba) function y_of_t(tt) { return v0n() * tt - 0.5 * gn() * tt * tt; } function v_of_t(tt) { return v0n() - gn() * tt; } function a_of_t() { return -gn(); } function renderBall(scale, y_m) { const y_px = yMax - (y_m * scale); ball.style.top = (y_px - 13) + "px"; vecV.style.top = (y_px - 6) + "px"; vecA.style.top = (y_px - 6) + "px"; } function renderVector(vecEl, mag, sign, pxPerUnit, minPx, maxPx) { const shaft = vecEl.querySelector(".shaft"); const head = vecEl.querySelector(".head"); const tag = vecEl.querySelector(".tag"); const abs = Math.abs(mag); if (abs < 1e-6) { shaft.style.height = "10px"; shaft.style.top = "-5px"; head.style.display = "none"; tag.style.top = "-14px"; tag.textContent = (vecEl.classList.contains("v") ? "v" : "a"); return; } const L = clamp(abs * pxPerUnit, minPx, maxPx); head.style.display = "block"; if (sign > 0) { shaft.style.height = L + "px"; shaft.style.top = (-L) + "px"; head.style.top = (-L - 12) + "px"; head.style.transform = "rotate(180deg)"; tag.style.top = (-L - 30) + "px"; } else { shaft.style.height = L + "px"; shaft.style.top = "0px"; head.style.top = (L - 2) + "px"; head.style.transform = "rotate(0deg)"; tag.style.top = (L + 10) + "px"; } tag.textContent = (vecEl.classList.contains("v") ? "v" : "a"); } function renderReadout(y_m, v_m, a_m) { if (!showNumbers.checked) { readout.textContent = ""; return; } const extra = finished ? " · <b>Impacto (antes del choque)</b>" : ""; readout.innerHTML = "t = <b>" + t.toFixed(2) + " s</b> · " + "y = <b>" + y_m.toFixed(2) + " m</b> · " + "v = <b>" + v_m.toFixed(2) + " m/s</b> · " + "a = <b>" + a_m.toFixed(1) + " m/s²</b> (hacia abajo)" + extra; } function renderFrame() { const scale = computeScale(); const a_m = a_of_t(); // Si ya terminó, nos fijamos EXACTAMENTE en el impacto const tt = finished ? tImpact() : t; // y y v según MRUA let y_m = y_of_t(tt); let v_m = v_of_t(tt); // numéricamente, en tt=tImpact puede salir -0; lo fijamos a 0 if (Math.abs(y_m) < 1e-9) y_m = 0; renderBall(scale, y_m); // Vectores const vPxPer = 10; const aPxPer = 8; renderVector(vecV, Math.abs(v_m), v_m >= 0 ? +1 : -1, vPxPer, 12, 160); renderVector(vecA, Math.abs(a_m), -1, aPxPer, 16, 120); renderReadout(y_m, v_m, a_m); // --- Línea discontinua: mantener 1 s en el punto más alto --- const vZeroThresh = 0.02; // umbral para considerar v ≈ 0 const holdSeconds = 1.0; // mantener visible 1 segundo // Si estamos muy cerca de v=0 (máximo), “disparamos” la línea y guardamos su altura if (!finished && Math.abs(v_m) < vZeroThresh) { apexHoldUntil = t + holdSeconds; // mantener 1 s (tiempo de simulación) apexY_m = y_m; // congelar la altura del máximo } // Mostrar si aún estamos dentro del tiempo de mantenimiento if (!finished && apexY_m !== null && t <= apexHoldUntil) { const y_px_line = yMax - (apexY_m * scale); // usa scale ya calculada arriba en renderFrame() apexLine.style.top = y_px_line + "px"; apexLine.style.display = "block"; } else { apexLine.style.display = "none"; } } function resetState() { t = 0; finished = false; running = false; lastTs = null; renderFrame(); } function advanceTime(dt) { if (finished) return; const tNext = t + dt; const tHit = tImpact(); // Si en este avance se llega (o se pasa) el impacto, fijamos a impacto y paramos if (tNext >= tHit) { t = tHit; finished = true; running = false; lastTs = null; } else { t = Math.max(0, tNext); } renderFrame(); } function loop(ts) { if (!running) return; if (lastTs == null) lastTs = ts; const dtReal = clamp((ts - lastTs) / 1000, 0, 0.05); lastTs = ts; const s = Number(speed.value); advanceTime(dtReal * s); if (running) requestAnimationFrame(loop); } // Botones btnPlay.addEventListener("click", () => { if (finished) return; // si terminó, que reinicien if (!running) { running = true; lastTs = null; requestAnimationFrame(loop); } }); btnPause.addEventListener("click", () => { running = false; lastTs = null; }); btnStep.addEventListener("click", () => { running = false; lastTs = null; advanceTime(Number(stepDt.value)); }); btnReset.addEventListener("click", resetState); // Sliders / opciones [v0, g, speed, stepDt, showNumbers].forEach(el => { el.addEventListener("input", () => { updateLabels(); // Si cambian v0 o g, puede cambiar tImpact. Para evitar estados raros: // - si ya había terminado, mantenemos “terminado” pero recalculamos al nuevo impacto. // - si t queda por encima del nuevo impacto, lo ajustamos y marcamos terminado. const tHit = tImpact(); if (t >= tHit) { t = tHit; finished = true; running = false; lastTs = null; } renderFrame(); }); }); // Init updateLabels(); resetState(); })(); </script> <div style='clear: both;'></div> </div> <div class='post-footer'> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-1'> <span class='post-author vcard'> Publicado por <span class='fn' itemprop='author' itemscope='itemscope' itemtype='http://schema.org/Person'> <span itemprop='name'>Agustín Sánchiz</span> </span> </span> <span class='post-timestamp'> en <meta content='http://materialesfq.blogspot.com/2026/02/punto-mas-alto-v-0-suelo-v-reproducir.html' itemprop='url'/> <a class='timestamp-link' href='http://materialesfq.blogspot.com/2026/02/punto-mas-alto-v-0-suelo-v-reproducir.html' rel='bookmark' title='permanent link'><abbr class='published' itemprop='datePublished' title='2026-02-03T10:31:00-08:00'>10:31</abbr></a> </span> <span class='post-comment-link'> </span> <span class='post-icons'> <span class='item-control blog-admin pid-857915352'> <a href='https://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=1960421828920015483&postID=4803237437300786919&from=pencil' title='Editar entrada'> <img alt='' class='icon-action' height='18' src='https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_edit_allbkg.gif' width='18'/> </a> </span> </span> <div class='post-share-buttons goog-inline-block'> <a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-email' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=1960421828920015483&postID=4803237437300786919&target=email' target='_blank' title='Enviar por correo electrónico'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Enviar por correo electrónico</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-blog' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=1960421828920015483&postID=4803237437300786919&target=blog' onclick='window.open(this.href, "_blank", "height=270,width=475"); 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